Fracturing liquid delivery hose for recovery of shale oil and gas, and manufacturing method and co-extrusion mold thereof

ABSTRACT

A fracturing liquid delivery hose for recovery of shale oil and gas, and manufacturing method and co-extrusion mold thereof are provided. The method includes extrusion of a cover layer with a first adhesive layer and an inner lining layer with a second adhesive layer, formation of an enhancement layer, heating and pressurizing for bonding between the cover layer and the enhancement layer and between the inner lining layer and the enhancement layer, so that the formed fracturing liquid delivery hose has resistance at least to high pressure and chemical corrosion. The cover layer and the inner lining layer can use different types of materials.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation of U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 14/347,188, filed on Mar. 25, 2014, which is a U.S. NationalStage entry under 35 U.S.C. § 371 of International Application No.PCT/CN2013/086105, filed on Oct. 29, 2013, designating the United Statesof America, which claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No.201310489537.4, filed on Oct. 18, 2013, each of which is herebyincorporated by reference.

BACKGROUND Technical Field

The present invention relates to a fracturing liquid delivery hose forrecovery of shale oil and gas and manufacturing method and co-extrusionmold thereof and falls within the field of fluid delivery equipment.

Related Art

The hydrofracturing technology is the only method available forcommercial recovery of shale oil and gas at present which relates tofilling a high pressure liquid in a bore well to cause a terrane tofracture. A propping agent in the high pressure liquid allows a crack tohold up to serve as a high speed permeation channel for oil-gas drillingwell. The fracturing liquid used in the hydrofracturing method availablefor recovery of shale gas essentially includes water, sand and chemicaladditives (salts and some emulsifying agents) with the content of waterand sand being 99% or more. An amount of the fracturing liquid used forexploitation of shale gas is very high and a fracturing liquid of 4-5million gallons (1 gallon corresponds to about 3.78 L) is required foreach of the shale gas bore wells to make shale rupture.

Presently a metal pipe is commonly used for long distance delivery(about miles) for recovery of shale oil and gas which has disadvantagesof high workload for layout difficulties in laying out ontopographically complicated zones such as slope ravine and pond, andmore severely, soil pollution can be caused by water leakage from pipecouplings susceptible to cracking.

SUMMARY

To solve the problems mentioned above, an objective of the presentinvention is to provide a fracturing liquid delivery hose for recoveryof shale oil and gas and manufacturing method and co-extrusion moldthereof, where the hose of the present invention has layers stronglyintegrated to each other endures flexion, has long in service life, highresistance to high pressure, high flow rate in delivering liquid flowingtherein, convenient connection, desirable weather-resistance andchemical-resistance, and is suitable for various topographies. When notbeing used, it is flat, can be easily wound up and occupies small spaceduring storage and transportation.

The objective is achieved by the technical solutions as follows.

A method for manufacturing the fracturing liquid delivery hose forrecovery of shale oil and gas includes the following steps.

(1) Forming a cover layer with an adhesive layer by extrusion, whichincludes extruding particles used to form a cover layer and a firstadhesive layer by two extruders into a co-extrusion mold to form aco-extruded first laminate layer, subjecting the co-extruded firstlaminate layer to cooling, pulling and squashing the co-extruded firstlaminate layer to form a first flat tube, i.e., the cover layer with thefirst adhesive layer where the first adhesive layer has a thickness of0.10-0.35 mm and the cover layer has a thickness of 0.5-4.0 mm.

(2) Forming an inner lining layer with an adhesive layer by extrusion,which includes extruding particles used to form an inner lining layerand a second adhesive layer by the two extruders into a co-extrusionmold to form a co-extruded second laminate layer, and subjecting theco-extruded second laminate layer to cooling, pulling and squashing theco-extruded second laminate layer to form a second flat tube, i.e., theinner lining layer with the second adhesive layer, where the secondadhesive layer has a thickness of 0.10-0.35 mm and the inner lininglayer has a thickness of 0.5-4.0 mm.

(3) Separately treating the surfaces of the co-extruded first and secondlaminate layers in Step (1) and Step (2), which includes immersing thefirst and second laminate layers in a solution for physical permeationprior to use, where the solution is formulated from a curing agent andsolvent, and a mass ratio of the curing agent to the solvent rangesbetween 10:90 and 30:70.

(4) Forming an enhancement layer, which includes weaving a tubularenhancement layer according to product design specification.

(5) Bonding the cover layer with the enhancement layer to form a tubularthird laminate layer, which includes pulling the surface-treated coverlayer with the first adhesive layer in Step (3), that is, the firstlaminate layer into the tubular enhancement layer fixing both ends ofthe tubular enhancement layer and the pulled-in first laminate layer,introducing a steam of 0.10-0.35 Mpa into the tubular enhancement layerwith the pulled-in first laminate layer for 4-10 minutes, anddischarging the steam while introducing air into the tubular enhancementlayer with the pulled-in first laminate layer to replace the steam,maintain the air pressure therein and cool the tubular enhancement layerwith the pulled-in first laminate layer to a desired temperature, suchthat the tubular third laminate layer is formed by the tubularenhancement layer and the first laminate layer.

(6) Turning the tubular third laminate layer of Step (5) inside out, sothat an inner surface of the tubular third laminate layer of Step (5)becomes an outer surface of the turned tubular third laminate layer.

(7) Bonding the inner lining layer with the enhancement layer of theturned third tubular laminate layer, which includes pulling thesurface-treated inner lining layer with the second adhesive layer inStep (3), that is, the second laminate layer into the turned tubularthird laminate layer of Step (6), fixing both ends of the turned tubularthird laminate layer and the pulled-in second laminate layer,introducing a steam of 0.10-0.35 Mpa into the turned tubular thirdlaminate layer with pulled-in second laminate layer for 4-10 minutes,and discharging the steam from while introducing air into the turnedtubular third laminate layer with the pulled-in second laminate layer toreplace the steam maintain the air pressure therein and cool the turnedtubular third laminate layer with the pulled-in second laminate layer toa desired temperature.

In the method for manufacturing the fracturing liquid delivery hose forrecovery of shale oil and gas, the cover layer described in Step (1)uses Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) particles or a mixture of TPU andPolyVinyl Chloride (PVC) and the inner lining layer described in Step(2) uses TPU particles a mixture of TPU and PVC, PVC or a mixture of PVCand butyronitrile, where for the mixture of TPU and PVC, a condition ofa mass ratio of TPU to PVC ranging between 100:0 and 100:70 issatisfied; for the mixture of PVC and butyronitrile, a condition of amass ratio of PVC to butyronitrile ranging between 100:0 and 100:70 issatisfied. In Step (1) and Step (2) the particles used to form coverlayer and inner lining layer are extruded at temperature of 150-210° C.,and the particles used to form the first and second adhesive layers areextruded at temperature of 140-175° C.

In the method for manufacturing the fracturing liquid delivery hose forrecovery of shale oil and gas, a color concentrate is also added to theparticles used to form the cover layer and the inner lining layerdescribed in Step (1) and/or Step (2). A mass ratio of the cover layerparticles or the inner lining layer particles to the color concentrateranges between 100:0.5 and 100:1.5, and then the cover layer particlesor the inner lining layer particles are stirred to be blended with eachother uniformly and dried.

In the method for manufacturing the fracturing liquid delivery hose forrecovery of shale oil and gas, the enhancement layer described in Step(4) is woven from Terylene filaments, Nylon filaments, aramid fibers, amixture of Terylene and nylon filaments or a mixture of Terylene andaramid fibers.

The method for manufacturing the fracturing liquid delivery hose forrecovery of shale oil and gas further includes passing the turnedtubular third laminate layer through rollers to perform surfaceprocessing on the turned tubular third laminate layer.

The fracturing liquid delivery hose for recovery of shale oil and gasmanufactured by the method is characterized in that it includes fromouter to inner: the cover layer, the enhancement layer and the innerlining layer, where bonding between the cover layer and the enhancementlayer and between the enhancement layer and the inner lining layer areachieved by the first and second adhesive layers, respectively.

In the fracturing liquid delivery hose for recovery of shale oil andgas, the cover layer has a thickness of 0.5-4.0 mm, the enhancementlayer has a thickness of 1.5-5.0 mm, the inner lining layer has athickness of 0.5-4.0 mm and each of the first and second adhesive layershas a thickness of 0.10-0.35 mm.

In the fracturing liquid delivery hose for recovery of shale oil andgas, the enhancement layer is woven by warp threads and weft filamentsor fibers to be of tubular shape.

In the fracturing liquid delivery hose for recovery of shale oil andgas, the copper wire is woven uniformly along an axial direction in theenhancement layer for antistatic effect.

A co-extrusion mold includes a housing equipped with a shaft therein. Adistributor block is provided below the shaft and has a lower part in ashape of a frustum. A gap exists between the shaft and the distributorblock. The distributor block is fixedly connected to the housing. Thehousing has a first feed inlet connected to a TPU particle extruder forextruding particles used to form the cover layer or inner lining layer.The first feed inlet penetrates through the housing and is connected tothe gap between the shaft and the distributor block. A mold case isarranged on the distributor block, where a gap exists between the moldcase and the distributor block. The mold case is fixedly connected tothe housing, and the mold case has a second feed inlet connected to anadhesive particle extruder for extruding particles used to form adhesivelayer(s). The second feed inlet penetrates through the mold case and isconnected to the gap between the mold case and the distributor block. Aclamping ring is provided between the distributor block and the housing.

Advantageous Effects

1. The fracturing liquid delivery hose for recovery of shale oil and gasaccording to the present invention includesfrom outer to inner, thecover layer, the enhancement layer and the inner lining layer, where thefirst and second adhesive layers are used for bonding between the coverlayer and enhancement layer and between the enhancement layer and theinner lining layer, respectively. The cover layer and the inner lininglayer may be designed to be of different materials, with the innerlining layer using materials having resistance to chemical and oilcorrosion, and the cover layer using materials having resistance toweather, ozone, wearing and piercing, to maximize the advantages of eachof the various materials. As an embodiment of the present invention, TPUis used in both the cover layer and the inner lining layer, which arebonded to the enhancement layer by the adhesive agent by physical andchemical cross-linking, and an anti-peeling strength against of the hosecan achieve 8 KN1. The layers of the hose are strongly integrated toeach other, and remain bonding strongly to each other after a long timeof service. The hose has significantly improved flexibility and servicelife. The process according to the present invention is simple inoperation, high in efficiency, high in productive capacity and low ininvestment.

2. The hose produced by the method of the present invention is light inweight desirable in ductility, wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant,weather-resistant, can be connected to various standard fasteners,easily wound up, and easily assembled and disassembled. The inside-outturning process is used for the hose according to the present invention,with a length of more than 200 meters and inner diameters of 200 mm(8″), 250 mm (10″), 300 mm (12″), 400 mm (16″), 600 mm (24″) or othervarious specifications.

3. In the present invention, the first and second adhesive layers enablefirm bonding between the cover layer and the enhancement layer andbetween the inner lining layer and the enhancement layer, leading toimproved anti-peeling strength, higher overall integration of the hoseand improved service life. In the present invention, the inside-outturning process is carried out by laminating the cover layer and thefirst adhesive layer by mechanical co-extrusion to form a first laminatelayer, immersing the first laminate layer in the curing agent solution,pulling the first laminate layer into the enhancement layer, bonding thefirst laminate layer with the enhancement layer, turning the bondedlayers inside-out, passing the turned bonded layers through rollers toperform surface processing on the turned bonded layer, sand laminatingthe inner lining layer and the adhesive layer by co-extrusion to form asecond laminate layer, immersing the second laminate layer in the curingagent solution, pulling the second laminate layer into the coverlayer/enhancement layer and bonding at elevated temperature andpressure. The process is advantageous in that the cover layer and innerlining layer can use different materials according to their respectivefunctions, and the operation is easy and with high efficiency.

4. In the present invention, a special co-extrusion mold is designed toachieve easy operation and high efficiency.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the structure of the co-extrusionmold of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Embodiment 1

The fracturing liquid delivery hose for recovery of shale oil and gasincludes from outer to inner, a cover layer, an enhancement layer and aninner lining layer, where bonding between the cover layer and theenhancement layer and between the enhancement layer and the inner lininglayer are achieved by first and second adhesive layers, respectively.

The cover layer has a thickness of 0.5 mm, the enhancement layer has athickness of 5.0 mm, the inner lining layer has a thickness of 4.0 mm,and each of the first and second adhesive layers has a thickness of 0.35mm.

The enhancement layer is woven by warp and weft filaments or fibers tobe of tubular shape.

Embodiment 2

This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that, the cover layerhas a thickness of 4.0 mm, the enhancement layer has a thickness of 1.0mm, the inner lining layer has a thickness of 4.0 mm, and each of thefirst and second adhesive layers has a thickness of 0.10 mm. Thematerial of the warp and weft filaments or fibers is Nylon.

Embodiment 3

This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that, the cover layerhas a thickness of 2.5 mm, the enhancement layer has a thickness of 3.5mm, the inner lining layer has a thickness of 2.5 mm, and each of thefirst and second adhesive layers has a thickness of 0.25 mm. Moreover,two copper wires are uniformly distributed along an axial direction inthe enhancement layer. Addition of copper wires achieves antistaticeffect.

Embodiment 4

This embodiment is different from the preceding embodiments in that,eight copper wires are uniformly distributed along an axial direction inthe enhancement layer. In other embodiments, a number of the copperwires can be 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7.

Embodiment 5

A method for manufacturing the fracturing liquid delivery hose forrecovery of shale oil and gas includes the following steps:

(1) Forming a cover layer with an adhesive layer by extrusion, whichincludes extruding particles, used to form the cover layer and a firstadhesive layer by two extruders into a co-extrusion mold to form aco-extruded first laminate layers, subjecting the co-extruded firstlaminate layer to cooling, pulling and squashing the co-extruded firstlaminate layer to form a first flat tube, i.e., the cover layer with thefirst adhesive layer where the first adhesive layer has a thickness of0.10-0.35 mm and the cover layer has a thickness of 0.5-4.0 mm.

(2) Forming an inner lining layer with an adhesive layer by extrusion,which includes extruding particles used to form the inner lining layerand a second adhesive layer by two extruders into a co-extrusion mold toform a co-extruded second laminate layer, and subjecting the co-extrudedsecond laminate layer to cooling, pulling and squashing the co-extrudedsecond laminate layer to form a second flat tube, i.e., the inner lininglayer with the second adhesive layer, where the second adhesive layerhas a thickness of 0.10-0.35 mm and the inner lining layer has athickness of 0.5-4.0 mm.

(3) Separately treating the surfaces of the co-extruded first and secondlaminate layers in Step (1) and Step (2), which includes immersing thefirst and second laminate layers in a solution for physical permeationprior to use, where the solution is formulated from a curing agent andethyl acetate, and a ratio of the curing agent to the ethyl acetateranges between 10:90 and 30:70. In this embodiment, the adhesiveparticles are TPU hot melt adhesive. Specifically, UB410B from LubrizolCorp. is used in this embodiment. The curing agent in this embodiment isa material named diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), and BASF M20S isadopted. The curing agent (having an active NCO) can be bonded firmly,through physical permeation and chemical reaction at a certaintemperature and pressure, to the Terylene filaments which has a hydroxylgroup. The amino-isocyanate of Nylon can serve as active site readilyreacting with hydroxyl and amino groups to form carbamate and ureastructure, which also firmly bond together by physical permeation andchemical reaction at certain temperature and pressure. The treatedaramid fiber can contain amino and isocyanate groups, which can alsofirmly bond through physical permeation and chemical reaction with thecuring agent at a certain temperature and pressure.

(4) Forming an enhancement layer, which includes weaving a tubularenhancement layer according to product design specification.

(5) Bonding the cover layer with the enhancement layer to form a tubularthird laminate layer, which includes pulling the surface-treated coverlayer with the first adhesive layer in Step (that is, the first laminatelayer, into the tubular enhancement layer, fixing both ends of thetubular enhancement layer and the pulled-in first laminate layer,introducing a steam of 0.10-0.35 Mpa into the tubular enhancement layerwith the pulled-in first laminate layer for 4-10 minutes, anddischarging the steam while introducing air into the tubular enhancementlayer with the pulled-in first laminate layer to replace the steam,maintain the air pressure therein and cool the tubular enhancement layerwith the pulled-in first laminate layer to a desired temperature suchthat the tubular third laminate layer is formed by the tubularenhancement layer and the first laminate layer.

(6) Turning the tubular third laminate layer of Step (5) inside out sothat an inner surface of the tubular third laminate layer of Step (5)becomes an outer surface of the turned tubular third laminate layer.

(7) Passing the turned tubular third laminate layer from Step (6)through rollers to perform surface processing on the turned tubularthird laminate layer.

(8) Bonding the inner lining layer with the enhancement layer of theturned third tubular laminate layer, which includes pulling thesurface-treated inner lining layer with the second adhesive layer inStep (3), that is, the second laminate layer, into the turned tubularthird laminate layer of Step (7), fixing both ends of the turned tubularthird laminate layer and pulled-in second laminate layer, introducing asteam of 0.10-0.35 Mpa into the turned tubular third laminate layer withpulled-in second laminate layer for 4-10 minutes, and discharging thesteam while introducing air into the turned tubular third laminate layerwith pulled-in second laminate layer to replace the steam, maintain theair pressure therein and cool the turned tubular third laminate layerwith pulled-in second laminate layer to a desired temperature.

In this embodiment, the cover layer and the inner lining layer are madeof TPU, specifically, a polyether type TPU, named R185A, of LubrizolCorp.

Embodiment 6

This embodiment is different from Embodiment 5 in that, the cover layeruses polyether type TPU (R185A of Lubrizol Corp.) the inner lining layeruses liner PVC (medical grade PVC of Shanghai Chloro-Alkali ChemicalCo., Ltd.) or a mixture of PVC and butyronitrile (medical grade PVC ofShanghai Chloro-Alkali Chemical Co., Ltd., the Powder Nitrile ButadieneRubber (PNBR) is LG830 of LG Chemical, a mass ratio of PVC to powderedbutyronitrile ranges between 100:0 and 100:70).

Embodiment 7

This embodiment is different from Embodiment 6 in that, the enhancementlayer described in Step (4) is woven from Terylene filaments, Nylon oraramid fibers.

Embodiment 8

A co-extrusion mold, as shown in FIG. 1, includes a housing 1 equippedwith a shaft 2 therein. A distributor block 4 is provided below theshaft and has a lower part in the shape of a frustum. A gap existsbetween the shaft 2 and the distributor block 4. The distributor block 4is fixedly connected to the housing 1. The housing 1 has a first feedinlet 6 connected to a TPU particle extruder for extruding the particlesused to form the cover layer or inner lining layer. The first feed inlet6 penetrates through the housing 1 and is connected to the gap betweenthe shaft 2 and the distributor block 4. A mold case 5 is arranged onthe distributor block 4 where a gap exists between the mold case 5 andthe distributor block 4. The mold case 5 is fixedly connected to thehousing 1, and the mold case 5 has a second feed inlet 7 connected to anadhesive particle extruder for extruding particle used to form adhesivelayer(s). The second feed inlet 7 penetrates through the mold case 5 andis connected to the gap between the mold case 5 and the distributorblock 4. In operation, the shaft 2 rotates, and because the first feedinlet 6 is connected to the gap between the shaft 2 and the distributorblock 4, TPU flows out along the gap between the shaft 2 and thedistributor block 4. The adhesive is fed through the second feed inlet 7and flows out along the gap between the distributor block 4 and the moldcase 5. The lower part of the distributor block is in the shape of afrustum such that a gap between a TPU extruding port and an adhesiveextruding port is very small, thereby allowing the adhesive to beattached on the outer layer of the produced TPU tube to form a finalproduct obtained at high temperature.

Embodiment 9

In the co-extrusion mold described in Embodiment 8, a clamping ring 3 isprovided between the distributor block 4 and the housing.

1.-10. (canceled)
 11. A method for manufacturing a liquid delivery hose,the method comprising: forming a first tube including a cover layer anda first adhesive layer, the first adhesive layer being attached outsidethe cover layer; forming a second tube including a lining layer and asecond adhesive layer, the second adhesive layer being attached outsidethe lining layer; obtaining a third tube having an inner surface and anouter surface; forming a fourth tube by bonding the first adhesive layerof the first tube with the inner surface of the third tube; turning thefourth tube inside out such that the cover layer becomes an outer layerof the turned fourth tube and the outer surface of the third tubebecomes an inner layer of the turned fourth tube; and forming the liquiddeliver hose by bonding the second adhesive layer of the second tubewith the inner layer of the turned fourth tube.
 12. The method of claim11, wherein forming a first tube including a cover layer and a firstadhesive layer comprising: extruding, by a first part of a co-extrusionmold, a plurality of first particles to form the cover layer; extruding,by a second part of the co-extrusion mold, a plurality of secondparticles to form the first adhesive layer; and forming the first tubeby bonding the cover layer with the first adhesive layer.
 13. The methodof claim 12, wherein the plurality of first particles include a colorconcentrate.
 14. The method of claim 12, wherein forming the first tubeby bonding the cover layer with the first adhesive layer comprising:attaching the first adhesive layer on the cover layer to form a firstlaminate layer; cooling the first laminate layer; and pulling andsquashing the cooled first laminate layer to form the first tube. 15.The method of claim 12, wherein forming the first tube by bonding thecover layer with the first adhesive layer comprising: immersing thecover layer and the first adhesive layer in a solution for physicalpermeation.
 16. The method of claim 11, wherein the cover layer of thefirst tube and the lining layer of the second tube are made of differentmaterials.
 17. The method of claim 11, wherein: the cover layer of thefirst tube includes Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) or a mixture of TPUand Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), and the lining layer of the second tubeincludes TPU, a mixture of TPU and PVC, or a mixture of the PVC andbutyronitrile.
 18. The method of claim 11, wherein the third tube havingan inner surface and an outer surface is manufactured by weaving atubular enhancement layer including at least one of Terylene filaments,Nylon filaments, and aramid fibers.
 19. The method of claim 18, whereinthe third tube includes a copper wire woven along an axial direction ofthe tubular enhancement layer.
 20. The method of claim 11, whereinforming a fourth tube by bonding the first adhesive layer of the firsttube with the inner surface of the third tube comprising: placing thefirst tube into the third tube; fixing both ends of the first tube andthe third tube; and forming the fourth tube by treating the first tubeand the third tube under a steam for a first time interval and under airfor a second time interval.
 21. The method of claim 20, wherein thesteam is maintained at a pressure being within a range of 0.10 MPa to0.35 MPa.
 22. The method of claim 11, wherein forming the liquid deliverhose by bonding the second adhesive layer of the second tube with theinner layer of the turned fourth comprising: placing the second tubeinto the turned fourth tube; fixing both ends of the second tube and theturned fourth tube; and forming the liquid deliver hose tube by treatingthe second tube and the turned fourth tube under a steam for a thirdtime interval and under air for a fourth time interval.
 23. The methodof claim 11, further comprising: passing the turned fourth tube throughrollers to perform surface processing on the outer layer of the turnedfourth tube.
 24. A liquid delivery hose, comprising: a first tubeincluding a cover layer and a first adhesive layer, the first adhesivelayer being attached inside the cover layer; a second tube including alining layer and a second adhesive layer, the second adhesive layerbeing attached outside the lining layer; and a third tube having aninner surface and an outer surface, wherein the first adhesive layer ofthe first tube is bonded with the outer surface of the third tube, andthe second adhesive layer of the second tube is boned with the innersurface of the third tube.
 25. The liquid delivery hose of claim 24,wherein the first adhesive layer is bonded with the cover layer, andwherein: the cover layer is formed by a plurality of first particles,the plurality of first particles being extruded by a first part of aco-extrusion mold; and the first adhesive layer is formed by a pluralityof second particles, the plurality of second particles being extruded bya second part of the co-extrusion mold.
 26. The liquid delivery hose ofclaim 25, wherein the plurality of first particles include a colorconcentrate.
 27. The liquid delivery hose of claim 24, wherein the coverlayer of the first tube and the lining layer of the second tube are madeof different materials.
 28. The liquid delivery hose of claim 24,wherein: the cover layer of the first tube includes ThermoplasticPolyurethane (TPU) or a mixture of TPU and Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), andthe lining layer of the second tube includes TPU, a mixture of TPU andPVC, or a mixture of the PVC and butyronitrile.
 29. The liquid deliveryhose of claim 24, wherein the third tube having an inner surface and anouter surface is manufactured by weaving a tubular enhancement layerincluding at least one of Terylene filaments, Nylon filaments, andaramid fibers.
 30. The liquid delivery hose of claim 29, wherein thethird tube includes a copper wire woven along an axial direction of thetubular enhancement layer.